Fullerton

Fullerton (FUUL-r-tn) is a city located in northern Orange County, California, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 143,617. Historically it was a center of agriculture, notably groves of Valencia oranges and other citrus crops; petroleum extraction; transportation; and manufacturing. It is home to numerous higher educational institutions, particularly California State University, Fullerton and Fullerton College. From the mid-1940s through the late 1990s, it was home to a large industrial base made up of aerospace contractors, canneries, paper products manufacturers, and is considered to be the birthplace of the electric guitar, due in large part to Leo Fender. The headquarters of Vons, which is owned by Albertsons, is located in Fullerton near the FullertonAnaheim line. The city also became a producer of aerospace equipment, electrical equipment, and electronic equipment, such as navigation systems and navigation instruments, in the 1940s and 1950s. It became the site of one of the first successful lawsuits against the country after Alex Bernal purchased a home in the country and purchased it for $1,000. In 1941, A.W. Yates, Tom Yates and Ralph Harrison developed the first Hawaiian recipe in a converted garage in a Fullerton neighborhood. The Fullerton area became part of Rancho San Juan Cajón de Santa Ana, granted to Juan Pacifico Ontiveros, a Spanish soldier, in 1837.

History

Europeans first passed through the area in 1769 when Gaspar de Portolà led a Spanish expedition north to Monterey. In 1837, the Fullerton area became part of Rancho San Juan Cajón de Santa Ana, granted to Juan Pacifico Ontiveros, a Spanish soldier. Drilling for petroleum began in 1880 with the discovery of the Brea-Olinda Oil Field and fueled the first real boom, peaking in the 1920s. In 1934, A.W. Leo, Tom Yates and Ralph Harrison developed the first Hawaiian Punch recipe in a converted garage in Fullerton. In 1943, the Alex Bernal residence became the site of one of the first successful lawsuits against household covenant laws in the country after Alex and Esther Bernal purchased a home in a Fullerton neighborhood that barred purchases from "Mexicans" In 1949, Leo Fender developed and refined the world's first commercially successful solid-body electric guitar, the Fender Telecaster. Fullerton was incorporated in 1904, but not officially recognized until 1907, due to conflicts at that time. The city's population increased by an order of magnitude during the post-war years due to housing development in Southern California. In the 1960s, Fullerton became a producer of aerospace equipment, electrical and electronic components, navigation systems, and laboratory instruments. It also became an industrial center in the mid-1900s, when Val Vita Food Products began operating a citrus juice plant in western Fullerton in 1932, it had become the largest food processing company in the US. In 1973, the city banned all overnight street parking in 1924 a law enforced to the present day, unless an area is specifically exempted.

Geography

Fullerton is located at 33°5248N 117°5543W (33.879914, -117.928749). It is approximately 25 miles (40 km) southeast of downtown Los Angeles, and approximately 11 miles (18 km) north-northwest of Santa Ana, the county seat. The city has a Mediterranean climate, with a mean temperature of 62.2 °F (16.8 °C) It is bordered by La Habra and Brea on the north, La Mirada on the northwest, Buena Park on the west, Anaheim on the south, and Placentia on the east. In recent years, the City Council has tried to allow development in the remaining open land throughout the city. The most notable impending project, in West Coyote Hills, has been met with opposition by many of the citizens in the area. The Fullerton Arboretum comprises 26 acres (11 ha) (105,000 m2) of sculpted gardens and unusual plants in northeastern Fullerton. Fullerton maintains more than 50 city parks and is home to Hillcrest Park, Chapman Park, and the Orange County Regional parks Craig Regional Park and Ralph B. Clark Regional Park. It also has a sports complex, St. Jude Medical Center, located southeast of the city, and a swim complex on the banks of the San Jacinto River. It is located in the Central Coast Ranges, a low-lying mountain range divided into the East Coyote hills and West Coyotes Hills.

Demographics

The 2010 U.S. Census reported that Fullerton had a population of 135,161. The racial makeup of Fullerton was 72,845 (53.9%) White, 3,138 (2.3%) African American, 842 (0.6%) Native American, 30,788 (22.8%) Asian, 321 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 21,439 (15.9) from other races, and 5,764 (4.3) from two or more races. Non-Hispanic Whites were 38.2% of the population, down from 79.0% in 1980. The median income for a household in the city was $57,345 (Orange County 2005), and the median income. for a family was $75,700. The average household size was 2.83 and the average family size was 3.37. The population was spread out, with 25.1% under the age of 18, 11.5% from 18 to 24, 32.3% from 25 to 44, 19.8% from 45 to 64, and 11.3%. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.7 males. ForEvery 100 females age 18 and over, there are 96.1 males. The city has a population density of 6,043.9 inhabitants per square mile (2,333.6/km²) The city's median income is $57.345.

Economy

According to the city's 2020 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are: The city's top employers are: KPMG, Coca-Cola, KPMM, and KPMT. The city is also home to a large number of small businesses. The top employer is KPMC, which employs more than 1,000 people. The largest employer is the KPMH, which has more than 2,000 employees. The biggest employers are KPMP, KMMM, K&G, and the KLM, which employ over 1,200 people. KPMB is also the largest employer of women, with more than 50% of its workforce working in retail, health care, education, and social services. The number of women working in construction is at a record-high, according to the report. The unemployment rate is at 4.3%. The city has the highest rate of women in the state, with the highest rates of women out of work in the construction industry. The lowest rate of men working in the industry is the construction, with just over 1.5%. The top employers of men are the construction workers, with an average salary of $35,000. The highest employers of women are the health care industry, with a median salary of just over $30,000, followed by the manufacturing industry, which is at about $28,500. The economy is the second-largest employer of men, with about 30% of the city workforce.

Government

Fullerton is a General-law municipality with a council-manager government system. Legislative authority is vested in a city council of five non-partisan members who serve four-year staggered terms. The city manager is responsible for day-to-day operations. Fire protection and emergency medical services are provided by the Fullerton Fire Department with ambulance transport by Care Ambulance Service. Fullerton has one full-service hospital with an emergency room, St.Jude Regional Medical Center. In the U.S. House of Representatives, Fullerton is in California's 39th congressional district, which has a Cook PVI of EVEN and is represented by Republican Young Kim. In 2011, a major controversy arose in the city over misconduct by the fullerton Police, involving sexual assault by an officer against women he arrested and the killing of a mentally ill homeless man by police. Two officers were charged with involuntary manslaughter and felony use of excessive force with regards to the death of Kelly Thomas. The father of Thomas filed a lawsuit against the city and six officers, two of whom are facing criminal charges. The suit alleges the violation of Thomas' federal and state civil rights; assault and battery; negligence and supervisor liability among others as causes of action. Thomas' mother, Cathy, who is divorced from Ron Thomas, has already received a $1-million settlement from the city. On July 3, 2012, Officer Ramos's employment was terminated. Both Ramos and Cicinelli were found not guilty of any criminal charges and both were terminated by Fullerton.

Education

The city of Fullerton is served by three elementary and junior high school districts, two unified school districts and one high school exclusive school district. Fullerton has four public high schools within the city limits, all part of the Fullerton Joint Union High School District: Sunny Hills High School and Troy High School. The city has fifteen public elementary schools enrolling grades K-6: Acacia, Commonwealth, Fern Drive, Golden Hill, Hermosa Drive, Laguna Road, Maple, Orangethorpe, Pacific Drive, Raymond, Richman, Rolling Hills, Sunset Lane, Valencia Park, and Woodcrest. As of 2019, 39,868 students were enrolled in 55 undergraduate and 55 graduate degree programs (including doctorate in education and doctor in nursing practice programs), making it the second largest university in the state of California in terms of enrollment. The main campus is located on 236 acres (0.96 km²) of former orange groves in northeast Fullerton near State Route 57 and Nutwood Avenue. The college offers 90 majors leading to A.A. or A.S. degrees in academic and vocational subjects, 68 programs leading to vocational certificates, and transfer programs specializing in preparing students to transfer into the California State University and University of California systems.Hope International University is a private Christian university located on a 63-acre (255,000 m2) campus adjacent to Fullerton Union high School on Chapman Avenue and had 25,051 students enrolled as of 2019.

Culture

Fullerton was a center for the Orange County hardcore punk music scene. Fullerton is also home to one of the signature cities in the Make Music Day Alliance. The Day of Music Fullerton began as a grass roots initiative by a team of volunteers to create a unique and free music festival in alliance with the internationally renowned Fête de la Musique. The Muckenthaler Cultural Center on Malvern Avenue near Euclid Avenue houses art galleries and a theater group. The Skipper Stand Up Show has, since 2006, showcased former and current skippers from Disneyland's famous attraction, the Jungle Cruise. The Main Library is located on Commonwealth Avenue in Downtown Fullerton and adjacent to the City Hall. Formerly there was a branch library, called the Hunt Branch on Basque Avenue. The Hunt Branch was closed in 2013. The Maverick Theatre is the host for the "World Famous Skipper stand Up Show" Fullerton Friends of Music, the oldest chamber music society in Orange County, perform five concerts a year at Sunny Hills Performing Arts Center, a notable classical concert venue in the county. In the early 1990s, downtown featured several venues that featured bands such as Room to Roam and Trip the Spring. The Middle Class, lead vocalist of the alternative rock group No Doubt, was a student at CSUF and the group performed there regularly. Other popular groups and musicians from the area include Lit, 80s synthpop acts Berlin and Stacey Q, and Mike Ness. In 1980, Leo Fender and original partner George Fullerton reunited and started a new company, G&L (George and Leo) Guitars.

Transportation

Fullerton was founded as a railroad town and is still bisected by the BNSF Railway. The Fullerton Transportation Center is home to train station serving Metrolink and Amtrak and a major north Orange County bus terminal for the Orange County Transportation Authority. State Route 91, the Riverside Freeway, runs east-to-west down the length of the city south of Orangethorpe Avenue. Fullerton Municipal Airport, the only general aviation airport remaining in Orange County, is the last remnant of the Hughes Company in the area, which was prominent in the aerospace industry up until the 1970s. The nearest airport with scheduled service is John Wayne Airport (SNA) in Santa Ana. The city is crossed by five state-maintained highways (all maintained by Caltrans' 12th district), three of which are freeways. The main road in Fullerton is Harbor Boulevard (served by OCTA route 43/143/543), a 23-mile road running from Costa Mesa to Rowland Heights. The Southwest Chief (running between Chicago and Los Angeles) and the Pacific Surfliner (running between San Diego and San Luis Obispo with major stops at Los Angeles and Santa Barbara) are two Amtrak lines that run through the city. The closest airport to Fullerton, John Wayne International Airport, is located in the Santa Ana suburb of Santa Ana, which is only a few miles away from the city's center. The airport was served by Golden West Airlines, one of the larger commuter airlines of the period, until the 1980s.

Air Quality, Water Quality, Superfund Sites & UV Index

The Air Quality index is in Fullerton, Orange County, California = 4.3. These Air Quality index is based on annual reports from the EPA. Higher values are better (100=best). The number of ozone alert days is used as an indicator of air quality, as are the amounts of seven pollutants including particulates, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, lead, and volatile organic chemicals. The Water Quality Index is 65. A measure of the quality of an area’s water supply as rated by the EPA. Higher values are better (100=best). The EPA has a complex method of measuring the watershed quality, using 15 indicators such as pollutants, turbidity, sediments, and toxic discharges. The Superfund Sites Index is 10. Higher is better (100=best). Based upon the number and impact of EPA Superfund pollution sites in the county, including spending on the cleanup efforts. The UV Index in Fullerton = 5.9 and is a measure of an area's exposure to the sun's ultraviolet rays. This is most often a combination of sunny weather, altitude, and latitude. The UV Index has been defined by the WHO (www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/radiation-the-ultraviolet-(uv)-index) and is uniform worldwide.

Employed

The most recent city population of 143,617 individuals with a median age of 35.8 age the population grows by 6.47% in Fullerton, Orange County, California population since 2000 and are distributed over a density of 6,411 residents per square mile of area (2,475/km²). There are average 2.89 people per household in the 45,327 households with an average household income of $63,088 a year. The unemployment rate in Alabama is 10.80% of the available work force and has dropped -5.07% over the most recent 12-month period and the projected change in job supply over the next decade based on migration patterns, economic growth, and other factors will increase by 19.06%. The number of physicians in Fullerton per 100,000 population = 253.3.

Weather

The annual rainfall in Fullerton = 12.4 inches and the annual snowfall = 0.1 inches. The annual number of days with measurable precipitation (over .01 inch) = 30. The average number of days per year that are predominantly sunny = 283. 84 degrees Fahrenheit is the average daily high temperature for the month of July and 47.1 degrees Fahrenheit is the average daily low temperature for the month of January. The Comfort Index (higher=better) is 54, where higher values mean a more pleasant climate. The Comfort Index measure recognizes that humidity by itself isn't the problem. (Have you noticed nobody ever complains about the weather being 'cold and humid?) It's in the summertime that we notice the humidity the most, when it's hot and muggy. Our Comfort Index uses a combination of afternoon summer temperature and humidity to closely predict the effect that the humidity will have on people.

Median Home Cost

The percentage of housing units in Fullerton, Orange County, California which are owned by the occupant = 52.70%. A housing unit is a house, apartment, mobile home, or room occupied as separate living quarters. The average age of homes = 39 years with median home cost = $379,170 and home appreciation of -11.43%. This is the value of the years most recent home sales data. Its important to note that this is not the average (or arithmetic mean). The median home price is the middle value when you arrange all the sales prices of homes from lowest to highest. This is a better indicator than the average, because the median is not changed as much by a few unusually high or low values. The property tax rate of $7.36 shown here is the rate per $1,000 of home value. If for simplification for example the tax rate is $14.00 and the home value is $250,000, the property tax would be $14.00 x ($250,000/1000), or $3500. This is the 'effective' tax rate.

Study

The local school district spends $4,668 per student. There are 27 students for each teacher in the school, 6273 students for each Librarian and 1327 students for each Counselor. 8.21% of the area’s population over the age of 25 with an Associate Degree or other 2-year college degree, 20.40% with a master’s degree, Ph.D. or other advanced college degree and 10.75% with high school diplomas or high school equivalency degrees (GEDs).